Italy: Paestum

Paestum, originally named Poseidonia, is a major archeological site that was founded around 600 BC by Greek colonists. It’s famous for three Doric temples—dedicated to Hera, Neptune, and Athena (dating from 550-450 BC) – all remarkably well-preserved. The site also includes intact city walls, an amphitheater, paved roads, and residential ruins, offering a glimpse into ancient Greek life. The city thrived for two centuries, fell under Lucanian control around 400 BC, and later became a Roman settlement. It was abandoned in the Middle Ages due to malaria, then rediscovered in the 18th century. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.