Poland: Krakow – Kaziemierz
Kazimierz is a district in Krakow that used to be a separate city and almost entirely Jewish dating back as far as middle 13th century when the General Charter of Jewish Liberties was issued and the community was allowed to coexist with the Poles in the kingdom. During the WWII the community was almost entirely destroyed. What remains today are about a half dozen old synagogues and an ancient Jewish cemetery. Some stores and libraries and food stalls have come back as well.